Palace of Fine Arts San Francisco Conservatory of Flowers

Monumental structure in San Francisco, California

United states of america celebrated place

Palace of Fine Arts
U.Southward. National Register of Celebrated Places
U.South. Celebrated commune
San Francisco Designated LandmarkNo. 88
The Palace of Fine Arts, 2020
Testify map of San Francisco Show map of California Prove map of the United States
Location	3301 Lyon St., San Francisco, California
Coordinates	37°48′10″N 122°26′54″W  /  37.80278°N 122.44833°West  / 37.80278; -122.44833 Coordinates: 37°48′10″N 122°26′54″West  /  37.80278°Due north 122.44833°W  / 37.80278; -122.44833
Expanse	17 acres (six.9 ha)
Builder	William Gladstone Merchant; Bernard Maybeck
Architectural style	Beaux-Arts
NRHP referenceNo.	04000659[1]
SFDLNo.	88
Significant dates
Added to NRHP	December five, 2005
Designated SFDL	1977[2]

The Palace of Fine Arts is a monumental structure located in the Marina District of San Francisco, California, originally constructed for the 1915 Panama–Pacific International Exposition to exhibit works of art. Completely rebuilt from 1964 to 1974,^[1] it is the only structure from the exposition that survives on site.^[3]

The most prominent building of the complex, a 162-human foot-high (49-meter)^[1] open rotunda, is enclosed by a lagoon on one side and adjoins a large, curved exhibition middle on the other side, separated from the lagoon by colonnades. Equally of 2019, the exhibition center (one of San Francisco's largest single-story buildings) is used as a venue for events such as weddings or trade fairs.^[iv]

Conceived to evoke a decaying ruin of ancient Rome,^[ane] the Palace of Fine Arts became ane of San Francisco's most recognizable landmarks.^[5] Early 2009 marked the completion of a renovation of the lagoons and walkways and a seismic retrofit.

History [edit]

Aeriform view of the Panama–Pacific International Exposition, directed southeast. The exposition buildings have been colored to distinguish them; the Palace of Fine Arts can be seen on the lower right.

The Palace of Fine Arts was one of ten palaces at the eye of the Panama-Pacific Exhibition. The exhibition too included the exhibit palaces of Education, Liberal Arts, Manufactures, Varied Industries, Agronomics, Food Products, Transportation, Mines, and Metallurgy, and the Palace of Machinery.^[6] The Palace of Fine Arts was designed by Bernard Maybeck. He was tasked with creating a edifice that would serve every bit a quiet zone where exhibition attendees could laissez passer through between visiting the crowded fairgrounds and viewing the paintings and sculptures displayed in the building behind the rotunda.^[3] Maybeck designed what was essentially a fictional ruin from another time. He took his inspiration from Roman and Ancient Greek architecture^[7] (specifically Piranesi's etching of the remnants of the so-called Temple of Minerva Medica in Rome), and also from Böcklin'southward symbolism painting Isle of the Dead.^[3]

While most of the exposition was demolished when the exposition ended, the Palace was so dearest that a Palace Preservation League, founded by Phoebe Apperson Hearst, was founded while the fair was nonetheless in progress.^[8]

For a time the Palace housed a continuous fine art showroom, and during the Groovy Low, Westward.P.A. artists were commissioned to replace the decayed Robert Reid murals on the ceiling of the rotunda. From 1934 to 1942 the exhibition hall was habitation to eighteen lighted tennis courts. During Globe State of war 2, it was requisitioned by the military for the storage of trucks and jeeps. At the end of the war, when the United nations was created in San Francisco, limousines used by the world's statesmen came from a motor pool there. From 1947 on, the hall was put to various uses: as a metropolis Park Department warehouse; as a telephone book distribution centre; as a flag and tent storage depot; and even every bit temporary Burn Section headquarters.^[ix]

While the Palace had been saved from sabotage, its structure was non stable. Originally intended to but stand for the duration of the Exhibition, the colonnade and rotunda were not built of durable materials, and thus framed in woods and so covered with staff, a mixture of plaster and burlap-type fiber. As a result of the construction and vandalism, by the 1950s the false ruin was a aging ruin.^[10]

In 1964, the original Palace was completely demolished, with merely the steel construction of the showroom hall left continuing. The buildings were so reconstructed until 1974^[i] in permanent, light-weight, poured-in-place concrete, and steel I-beams were hoisted into place for the dome of the rotunda. All the decorations and sculptures were constructed anew. The only changes were the absenteeism of the murals in the dome, two finish pylons of the colonnade, and the original decoration of the exhibit hall.

In 1969, the one-time Showroom Hall became abode to the Exploratorium interactive museum, and, in 1970, also became the habitation of the 966-seat Palace of Fine Arts Theater.^[11] In 2003, the City of San Francisco along with the Maybeck Foundation created a public-private partnership to restore the Palace and by 2010 work was done to restore and seismically retrofit the dome, rotunda, colonnades, and lagoon. Within January 2013, the Exploratorium airtight in grooming for its permanent move to the Embarcadero.

In 1992 and 1996, the popular U.Due south. game show Bicycle of Fortune taped shows at the Palace for broadcast in November.^[12]

In April 2020, during the coronavirus pandemic, plans were announced to catechumen the Palace of Fine Arts into a temporary shelter for 162 homeless people.^[5] The decision was reversed shortly afterwards, following protests past residents of the neighboring wealthy Marina neighborhood and concerns that the lodging conditions would exist inadequate.^[13]

Today,^{[ when? ]} Australian eucalyptus trees fringe the eastern shore of the lagoon. Many forms of wild fauna have made their domicile there including swans, ducks (particularly migrating fowl), geese, turtles, frogs, and raccoons.^{[ citation needed ]}

Panoramic view Palace of Fine Arts: 1919

Design [edit]

Built around a small artificial lagoon, the Palace of Fine Arts is composed of a wide, i,100 ft (0.34 km) pergola around a central rotunda situated past the water.^[xiv] The lagoon was intended to echo those found in classical settings in Europe, where the expanse of water provides a mirror surface to reverberate the grand buildings and an undisturbed vista to appreciate them from a altitude.

Ornamentation includes Bruno Zimm's three repeating panels around the entablature of the rotunda, representing "The Struggle for the Beautiful", symbolizing Greek culture.^[15] While Ulric Ellerhusen supplied the weeping women atop the colonnade^[16] and the sculptured frieze and allegorical figures representing Contemplation, Wonderment, and Meditation.^{[17] [xviii]}

The underside of the Palace rotunda'due south dome features eight large insets, which originally contained murals by Robert Reid. 4 depicted the formulation and birth of Art, "its delivery to the Earth, its progress and acceptance by the human intellect," and the iv "golds" of California (poppies, citrus fruits, metallic gold, and wheat).^[xix]

The Palace at night, reflected in the water

In popular civilisation [edit]

The Palace of Fine Arts has been seen in films such as Vertigo (1958),^[xx] Time Subsequently Time (1979),^[21] Bicentennial Man (1999), The Room (2003),^[22] and Twisted (2004).^[23] It besides served as the backdrop for fix pieces in So I Married An Axe Murderer (1993)^[24] and The Rock (1996).^[25] Additionally, the Palace has appeared in the Indian films My Name is Khan (2010)^[26] and Vaaranam Aayiram (2008).^[27] Information technology as well appears in Season 7, Episode ii of Mission: Incommunicable, and in Season viii, Episode seven of Mannix. Information technology was incorporated into the imagery of the Sept of Baelor in Flavor 1, Episode ix of Game of Thrones.^{[ commendation needed ]}

Lucasfilm headquarters was constructed near the Palace of Fine Arts, which has been noted for its similarity to the urban center of Theed on Naboo as information technology appears in the film Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace (1999).^[28]

The structure was too featured as a placeable landmark in the 2003 video game SimCity 4

In the 2000s, a smaller replica of the rotunda of the Palace of Fine Arts was congenital in Disney's California Take a chance in Anaheim, serving every bit the archway to a theater showing the film Gilded Dreams nearly the history of California.^[29] The attraction closed on September 7, 2008, and was demolished in 2009 to make way for The Petty Mermaid ~ Ariel's Undersea Hazard dark ride. The rotunda entrance remained, only it was repainted and serves as an entrance to the ride.

Gallery [edit]

• 

  View of the rotunda from the northeast

• 

  Pillar of the palace

Run across also [edit]

• 49-Mile Breathtaking Bulldoze
• List of San Francisco Designated Landmarks

References [edit]

1. ^ ^{a b c d e} "National Annals Information System – (#04000659)". National Register of Celebrated Places. National Park Service. March 13, 2009.
2. ^ "City of San Francisco Designated Landmarks". Urban center of San Francisco. Archived from the original on March 25, 2014. Retrieved October 21, 2012.
3. ^ ^{a b c} Kamiya, Gary (2015-04-15). "The Temple". Panama-Pacific International Exposition . Retrieved 2020-10-15 . , excerpt from: Kamiya, Gary (2013). Absurd Greyness Urban center of Dearest: 49 Views of San Francisco (1st U.Southward. ed.). New York: Bloomsbury. ISBN978-1-60819-960-0.
4. ^ "What'southward Happening With That Behemothic Building Behind the Palace of Fine Arts?". SF Weekly. 2019-01-17. Retrieved 2020-04-06 .
5. ^ ^{a b} Ting, Eric; Dowd, Katie; Amanda; Bartlett, a; SFGATE (2020-04-04). "Bay Area coronavirus updates: SF's Palace of Fine Arts volition be temporary homeless shelter". SFGate . Retrieved 2020-04-06 .
6. ^ The Virtual Museum of the City of San Francisco: Panama-Pacific International Exposition, San Francisco, 1915
7. ^ McCoy, Esther (1960). 5 California Architects. New York: Reinhold Publishing Corporation. p. 6. ASIN B000I3Z52W.
8. ^ The Palace of Fine Arts: A Brusk History
9. ^ The Palace of Fine Arts: Rebuilding Archived Oct 12, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
10. ^ "A Short History". The Maybeck Foundation. Retrieved Apr viii, 2012.
11. ^ Palace of Fine Arts, Official Website, background Archived January 1, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
12. ^ "'Bicycle of Fortune' Spins for Bay Area". four Oct 1996.
13. ^ "SF City Hall was ahead of the curve in its coronavirus response. And then why is information technology now declining the homeless?". SFChronicle.com. 2020-04-08. Retrieved 2020-05-06 .
14. ^ "A Treasury of Earth's Fair Art & Architecture: Palace of Fine Arts". Archived from the original on 2012-04-fifteen. Retrieved 2010-08-17 .
15. ^ "Palace of Fine Arts, San Francisco Marina Neighborhood". Archived from the original on 2013-10-01. Retrieved 2010-08-17 .
16. ^ The Compages and Landscape Gardening of the Exposition, A Pictorial Survey of the Most Cute Architectural Compositions of the Panama-Pacific International Exposition by Louis Christian Mullgardt
17. ^ Exhibition of American Sculpture Catalogue, 156th Street of Broadway New York, The National Sculpture Society 1923 p.55
18. ^ Macomber, Ben (1915). "The Palace of Fine Arts and its Exhibit, With the Awards". The Gem Urban center: Its Planning and Accomplishment; Its Architecture, Sculpture, Symbolism, and Music; Its Gardens, Palaces, and Exhibits. San Francisco and Tacoma: John H. Williams, Publisher.
19. ^ The Art of the Exposition by Eugen Neuhaus
20. ^ "Vertigo – Palace of Fine Arts". Reel SF. December 11, 2011. Retrieved Nov 11, 2018.
21. ^ "Time After Time – Picture Locations". Flick-Locations.com . Retrieved November eleven, 2018.
22. ^ Scarlett, Jackson (September 23, 2012). "On Location: "The Room"". 7x7 . Retrieved Nov 11, 2018.
23. ^ Rosenbaum, Dan (March 19, 2018). "Palace of Fine Arts – San Francisco, CA". San Francisco Travel . Retrieved Nov 11, 2018.
24. ^ Donat, Hank (2001). "San Francisco in Cinema: So I Married an Axe Murderer". MisterSF.com . Retrieved Nov eleven, 2018.
25. ^ "The Rock – Film Locations". Moving-picture show-Locations.com . Retrieved November 11, 2018.
26. ^ "A Tribute to Shah Rukh Khan: My Proper noun Is Khan". SFFILM . Retrieved Nov xi, 2018.
27. ^ "Vaaranam Aayiram". Where Was It Shot . Retrieved Nov 11, 2018.
28. ^ Hill, Angela (September 15, 2015). "A 'Star Wars' Bay Surface area tour". The Mercury News . Retrieved November xi, 2018.
29. ^ "Gilded Dreams". Disney's California Risk. Walt Disney Company. Archived from the original on April six, 2007. Retrieved May 11, 2007.

External links [edit]

• SF Rec & Parks.org: Palace of Fine Arts
• The Palace of Fine Arts Iinformation on the website of the "Palace of Fine Arts Theatre"
• Archive.org: Catalogue de luxe of the Department of Fine Arts, Panama-Pacific International Exposition, 1915
• Panoramic slideshow of the grounds

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palace_of_Fine_Arts

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